Chamaegastrodia shikokiana Makino & Maekawa 1935

This species was first coined Gastrodia shikokiana by Makino (1892), but was published as nomen nudum, from specimens found on the island of Shikoku, Japan. These specimens did not have flowers for the description. Maekawa (1935) later described this species and created a new genus Chamaegastrodia for this species, as he analyzed specimens found by Matsuda in 1889 in the province of Kawachi, on Kyūshū (Maekawa 1935). This decision was based on the specific branched (not tuberous) rhizome, a gelate perianth and because of the capsules that resembled Goodyera, in the subtribe Physurinae. Makino´s samples of this species from Rikuzen (north Japan) confirmed the proposed new genus and Makino described it together with Maekawa (1935). The synonym Hetaeria sikokiana proposed by Tuyama, published in Ohwi (1965), was adopted by some authors, especially the spelling of the epitheton, but is not accepted by WCSP (2021) and Chang (2014). This species differs in the T-shaped labellum and peculiar horn-shaped appendages of the column from similar species of the genus.